Food security plan has stalled

WASHINGTON — After Sept. 11, 2001, the Food and Drug Administration developed a comprehensive plan to guard the nation's food supply against tainted imports, which were seen as a serious security threat. But nearly six years later, the plan has languished because of a lack of official will and tight federal budgets, according to former senior officials involved in formulating the strategy.

That pains lawmakers and others as they deal with the discovery of chemicals used to make plastics and treat swimming pool water in pet food ingredients imported from China. The contamination is believed to have killed or sickened hundreds of animals, forcing the recall of more than 100 brands of pet food. Similar ingredients common in humans' food are imported with little government supervision.

"It was a bitter pill to swallow," said Benjamin L. England, a former FDA regulatory lawyer who worked on the plan for the agency's enforcement branch. "I'm disappointed that they are basically sitting on the solution."

Many members of Congress are now demanding action. But a blueprint for dealing with the security concern already has been drafted.

After the 2001 terrorist attacks, the government and experts developed protections against an array of threats. But as time passed without new attacks, the sense of urgency drained away. In the case of foodstuff, the FDA's Import Strategic Plan fell victim to budget constraints, competing priorities and government inertia.

"The bottom line is that the United States is being overwhelmed with food imports, and they are not being screened by the FDA," said William Hubbard, a former FDA associate commissioner for policy and planning.

"A lot of time and effort went into it, and the best minds of the agency were brought in," he said of the import protection plan. "It wasn't approved or disapproved. It was basically, 'We can't do this because we have no money. This is all good stuff, and it should be done, but we don't have money.' "

There is, however, a new urgency. The chemicals implicated in the pet deaths, identified as melamine and cyanuric acid, were found in protein ingredients used in human foods, ranging from bread to veggie burgers. One of the most common of these ingredients is wheat gluten.

FDA investigators suspect the interaction of melamine (used to make plastics more pliable) and cyanuric acid (used to sanitize pool water) might have caused fatal kidney problems in pets. A possible reason for adding the chemicals is that in certain tests, they can make food ingredients appear protein-rich.