WASHINGTON — Fear about future tax revenue shortfalls at the state and local levels helped derail a congressional push Tuesday for a permanent federal ban on Internet access taxes. Instead, a nearly unanimous House voted for a more modest four-year moratorium.
With the current moratorium set to expire at the end of the month, the House voted 405 to 2 to extend the politically popular exemption until 2011. Although there is a strong bipartisan consensus that Internet access should be tax-free, the length of the extension remains controversial as the types of services available online continue to evolve. That threatens to stall the legislation in the Senate.
"We should have a permanent ban on taxation of the Internet," Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) said shortly before the House voted.
The House bill would prevent state and local governments from taxing the various ways people get Internet service, including high-speed phone and cable lines. It allows nine states that had Internet access taxes in place before the moratorium was enacted in 1998 to continue to collect them. California is not among the states.
The legislation also clarifies the definition of Internet access so that services delivered online, such as TV, aren't exempt from taxes.
State and local officials lobbied hard for the clarifications, arguing that they risked losing millions of dollars in revenue as services that traditionally have been taxed migrate to the Internet. Those officials also pushed for a short-term extension rather than a permanent one, arguing that similar revisions may be needed in the future.
"I think it would be a serious mistake to make this a permanent moratorium . . . because we don't have a clue standing here today what the capacity of the Internet is," Rep. Melvin Watt (D-N.C.) said. "By four years from now, everything in life may be being done on the Internet. We might have a virtual world out there, and we may not be able to tax anything under the moratorium."
But many senators and House members, both Republicans and Democrats, contend that a permanent tax ban is needed to spur telecommunications companies to invest the billions of dollars necessary to extend high-speed Internet access throughout the United States.
"We want to broaden broadband in our country, and I think a permanent ban really speaks to that," said Rep. Anna G. Eshoo (D-Menlo Park), whose Silicon Valley district includes several leading Internet companies. She voted against the four-year extension as a way to register her opposition to a temporary measure.
