KANAB, Utah -- Two months ago, Shadow was one uncooperative pit bull.
He had no interest in toys placed in his kennel and would firmly anchor his paws in the middle of walks, refusing to continue.
For Vick's pit bulls, a chance for a life
An animal sanctuary in Utah is working to rehabilitate the dogs abused in dogfighting, a move that has drawn some criticism from animal rights groups.
The dog wasn't being stubborn. He was frightened, adjusting to getting lavished with affection and attention after having survived the bloodthirsty world of dogfighting. Shadow and 21 other pit bulls are living at a southern Utah animal sanctuary where handlers hope to undo the mental damage done at Michael Vick's Bad Newz Kennels.
So far, the ragtag bunch of leftovers that other rescue groups passed over has shown encouraging progress.
"These are the 22 that they thought were the most hopeless -- the least likely to ever be rehabilitated," said Dr. Frank McMillan, a veterinarian at the Best Friends Animal Society's sanctuary.
The 25 other dogs taken from Vick's operation were considered ready for adoption or foster care and went to other groups. The dogs Best Friends took were a mental mess.
It took weeks for handlers to get Shadow to stop cowering at the back of his kennel. Finally, someone discovered that he loves car rides and after a few spins through the red rock canyons -- lapping up the air with his head hanging out the window -- Shadow was warming up to his new caretakers.
The 21 others have also improved in the two months at Best Friends and McMillan said most of the early signs have been encouraging. Friendliness and calmness levels are generally improving and fear, aggression and excitability have decreased.
But it will be months before anyone can say whether the changes are temporary or genuine progress.
Vick's pit bulls are getting a chance most fighting dogs don't. And surprisingly, animal rights groups don't think they should. Groups such as the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals believe that euthanasia, the fate of most fighting dogs, would still be the most humane option, rather than keeping them in a shelter indefinitely or in some cases permanently.
Daphna Nachminovitch, PETA vice president for cruelty investigations, said as touching as it seems to give these dogs a taste of happiness after enduring such misery, nobody can be certain how they will behave if they are ever released.
"It's all very tragic, but there has to be some dose of realism for America," Nachminovitch said. "This isn't the last fighting ring that's going to be busted. Most fighting dogs don't get to go to Best Friends."
Nachminovitch said the money -- which Vick was ordered to pay as part of his sentence -- being spent on the dogs at Best Friends would be better used helping animals that face euthanasia because of overpopulation.
McMillan said PETA has a point. If a dog's disposition and behavior are misread and the animal is sent to the wrong environment, the results could be tragic. So the evaluation process will be extensive and stringent for at least six months, longer in some cases.
McMillan put together a list of behaviors that are tracked daily for each dog. He had to create his own because the concept of rehabilitating fighting dogs is so unusual.
Caregivers note how each dog interacts with people, whether the animals are frightened or aggressive and what triggers their responses. Handlers spend time walking, playing with and training each dog, and logging every trend and development.
"Right now it's very gratifying to see where we are," he said.
Two of the dogs are under court order to spend the rest of their lives at the sanctuary about 70 miles north of the Grand Canyon. The 20 others could find new homes, if they ever are considered well enough to interact with humans and other dogs.
And any dogs that don't meet the safety standards get to stay at Best Friends.
"We believe that the worst thing to do would be to kill these dogs," Best Friends chief executive Paul Berry said. "They all want to succeed and not giving them that chance, to me, is extremely cruel. It's very, very shortsighted thinking."
Best Friends' sanctuary sprawls over 3,700 acres just north of the Arizona-Utah border. Dogs, horses, rabbits, birds -- pick a species -- have their own area of the no-kill sanctuary where experts give care to the animals that need it and the others are sheltered until they can find homes. Vick's dogs have their own building and individual runs in "Dogtown," an area high in the canyons where the only sound is the barking of dozens of dogs.
While some seem like happy, normal dogs, others still show signs of the canine equivalent to post-traumatic stress disorder.
Shadow is still frightened of strangers.
Layla continues to bristle at the sight of another dog.
Little Red is friendly, but very wary of strangers and takes a while to trust people. Handlers believe she was used as a bait dog, her teeth filed to nubs so she wouldn't fight back when other dogs were trained to attack her.
Georgia's teeth were pulled out altogether, probably to keep her from attacking while she was bred.
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